I feel like I cracked the atom when I successfully was able to add my custom SSL certificate to Android 6 emulator (I made persistent change to system.img file). But the browser is not recognizing it any way.
I followed this awesome tutorial, and I think I did something wrong with the hashing. Here are the full steps of what I did, and what I got so far.
My System
Windows 10, 64 BIT
Pre built emulator
- name: Nexus_64
- API: 23
- Target: Android 6 (Android API)
- CPU/ABI x86/64
- Size on disk 3 GB
Advanced emulator settings
- RAM: 512 MB
- VM heap: 128 MB
- Internal storage 2 GB (select from drop down at the right)
- SD card: Studio-managed 2 GB
System files
- Obtain certificate file from tutorial:
890c6016.0 - Create empty folder for storing the system file at
c:device_tmp
Utilities:
emulatorfrom/android_sdk/tools/emulator.exeadbfrom/android_sdk/platform-tools/adb.exe
What I did
Starting the emulator:
emulator -avd Nexus_64 -no-snapshot-load
Now it starts and I open command line window
Find the name of external storage as sdcard does not have enough storage space for the image file.
adb shell df
In my case /storage/13E4-1F02/ got 2GB space
Installing certificate
adb shell "rm /sdcard/"
adb push 890c6016.0 /sdcard/
adb shell "mount -o remount,rw /system"
adb shell "cp /sdcard/890c6016.0 /system/etc/security/cacerts/"
adb shell "chmod 644 /system/etc/security/cacerts/890c6016.0"
adb shell "dd if=/dev/block/vda of=/storage/13E4-1F02/system.img"
adb pull /storage/13E4-1F02/system.img c:/device_tmp
It takes about 5 min for each of the last lines. After that I kill the device by closing all the shell windows and start it from the system.img file
emulator -http-proxy my.ip:8888 -system c:/device_tmp/system.img
When the device is starting it has that certificate in its system.
Building the certificate file
This is how I built the certificate file. I am using Charles and openssl, so I downloaded Charles certificate from help->SSL-Proxing->export Charles root certificate: go.p12.
Make crt
openssl pkcs12 -in go.p12 -clcerts -nokeys -out go.crt
Make PEM
openssl pkcs12 -in go.p12 -out go.pem
Get hash code to be used as file name with .0 extension
openssl x509 -inform PEM -subject_hash_old -in go.crt
Copy go.crt and change its name to the hash we just got(890c6016.0)
type go.crt > 890c6016.0
*type is windows command for cat(Mac)
Append all the signature info to the file
openssl x509 -inform PEM -text -fingerprint -in go.crt -out /dev/null >> 890c6016.0
Done!
Certificate result 890c6016.0
Here is the content of the result certificate: 890c6016.0
It also what you will get when running:openssl x509 -in 890c6016.0 -text -noout
890c6016.0:
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----
Certificate:
Data:
Version: 3 (0x2)
Serial Number:
01:54:e1:a2:67:ba
Signature Algorithm: sha256WithRSAEncryption
Issuer: CN=Charles Proxy Custom Root Certificate (built on DESKTOP-55SMC93, 24 xD7x9ExD7x90xD7x99 2016), OU=http://charlesproxy.com/ssl, O=XK72 Ltd, L=Auckland, ST=Auckland, C=NZ
Validity
Not Before: Jan 1 00:00:00 2000 GMT
Not After : Jul 21 07:19:57 2045 GMT
Subject: CN=Charles Proxy Custom Root Certificate (built on DESKTOP-55SMC93, 24 xD7x9ExD7x90xD7x99 2016), OU=http://charlesproxy.com/ssl, O=XK72 Ltd, L=Auckland, ST=Auckland, C=NZ
Subject Public Key Info:
Public Key Algorithm: rsaEncryption
Public-Key: (2048 bit)
Modulus:
00:bc:d2:42:32:69:8b:e5:95:b6:85:8d:8c:56:61:
fe:30:2b:a4:13:28:5c:d7:da:63:93:0c:b9:1b:e7:
32:13:26:b7:e8:46:9c:be:af:e4:2e:60:4a:60:c1:
c1:4e:58:64:e8:6e:75:b0:2c:df:42:78:ea:2d:8f:
7e:dd:42:65:6f:78:01:b2:30:08:29:6e:3f:5c:01:
8d:42:99:56:9b:7f:8b:36:3c:1d:fb:ae:88:b7:ad:
d0:cb:a9:fa:65:3f:c7:c8:96:c2:ab:38:32:12:7f:
0c:9e:2c:af:38:68:eb:02:92:07:f8:e1:66:a7:6d:
1d:b1:c7:76:ee:fe:23:b5:d5:92:4f:e5:3f:79:cc:
8a:49:a1:93:14:00:77:aa:3e:ce:bf:dd:b9:d1:d3:
a8:16:96:eb:43:e1:be:c3:b8:b5:b5:9e:73:8a:d2:
66:8b:7b:41:7c:30:69:45:40:71:40:f4:74:d0:e8:
2d:e2:ba:89:a8:90:e6:3a:59:0d:22:fe:ff:45:53:
45:71:fa:df:d3:0c:2f:36:58:97:eb:2b:d2:a9:bb:
cb:90:6d:f9:17:d7:79:85:77:94:8f:3f:1f:d3:bd:
75:f7:64:b1:e6:34:9d:b1:7c:18:be:78:74:0f:81:
cd:66:68:93:35:2f:6f:d4:ad:6f:c7:8c:11:1c:c2:
59:6d
Exponent: 65537 (0x10001)
X509v3 extensions:
X509v3 Basic Constraints: critical
CA:TRUE
Netscape Comment:
....This Root certificate was generated by Charles Proxy for SSL Proxying. If this certificate is part of a certificate chain, this means that you're browsing through Charles Proxy with SSL Proxying enabled for this website. Please see http://charlesproxy.com/ssl for more information.
X509v3 Key Usage: critical
Certificate Sign
X509v3 Subject Key Identifier:
D2:B3:4F:89:B9:22:4B:82:57:47:28:98:4A:23:DF:00:80:8C:52:0F
Signature Algorithm: sha256WithRSAEncryption
43:d4:8b:c7:83:c8:d1:98:97:f7:b6:d2:df:12:70:f7:8c:33:
75:37:e4:54:98:bf:ba:a7:1b:61:9a:73:66:cb:86:48:7a:0b:
5e:1e:b9:cc:b4:d7:54:da:9e:3f:71:d6:47:37:31:70:13:67:
c3:fd:7c:bc:c2:59:0a:2d:8c:d9:43:52:37:d2:5c:2a:10:66:
cd:b0:02:da:be:57:9f:12:d0:85:32:5a:79:ef:e3:fb:09:2c:
e2:3a:a8:25:43:a0:bb:04:f0:1e:a6:d5:8c:e7:6f:be:d5:fb:
86:ea:d4:0d:f5:1b:5e:27:1c:39:2c:ef:73:16:3c:f6:39:7c:
a1:3a:42:15:c5:8d:1a:08:4f:37:b1:f7:08:e4:42:81:eb:f3:
2c:b0:c0:49:93:12:69:a8:52:f5:ea:4f:c4:51:cb:67:32:f7:
a2:34:9a:ca:74:4d:45:82:14:76:f6:fb:47:98:8b:1e:c2:ed:
46:f0:98:72:e3:38:0e:35:31:9f:41:36:56:49:04:43:d2:ec:
6d:f9:ac:b3:12:3c:55:ac:8f:4a:5a:de:d6:6d:a2:e9:3b:4b:
16:e2:21:b3:bf:ea:49:3a:a3:fa:59:76:41:df:37:64:57:d3:
b4:a7:93:e7:10:7a:9c:22:04:8a:48:f1:81:6c:f6:1b:f1:7f:
85:7e:c8:b7
My problem
When I run the default android browser from the emulator, it says it can't trust the SSL and similar problem when I run my app. This indicates that the proxying is working but the certificate I built is not accepted. I also checked the file system to make sure. It is there!
So what do I miss here?
Edit
I tested this approach on Genymotion emulator and it works!!! Why Android emulators are different?
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